Mali

Current head of state

Assimi Goïta President of Mali In office 2021–present · 5.3y Born 1983 · took office at 37 Took power coup 2021-05-24 President of Russia,Kremlin · CC BY 4.0

Assimi Goïta

President of Mali

Since 2021 5.3 years in office

Governance indicator

-1.31

−2.50+2.5

World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, composite of six dimensions · 2024

Chamber

Member of the National Assembly of Mali

Seats

—

Speaker

—

Active alliances

28

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

Modibo Keïta Modibo Keïta President of Mali In office 1960–1968 · 8.2y PartySudanese Union – African Democratic Rally Born 1915 · took office at 45 Robert LeRoy Knudsen · Public domain

Moussa Traoré Moussa Traoré President of Mali In office 1968–1991 · 22.3y PartyDemocratic Union of the Malian People Born 1936 · took office at 32 Took power coup 1968-11-19 Bogaerts, Rob / Anefo · CC BY-SA 3.0 nl

Amadou Toumani Touré Amadou Toumani Touré President of Mali In office 1991–1992 · 1.2y Partyindependent politician Born 1948 · took office at 42 Took power coup 1991-03-26 LulaAmadouToure.jpg: Antonio Cruz/ABr derivative work: Missionary (talk) · CC BY 2.5 br

Alpha Oumar Konaré Alpha Oumar Konaré President of Mali In office 1992–2002 · 10y PartyAlliance for Democracy in Mali Born 1946 · took office at 46 Fábio Pozzebom/ABr · CC BY 3.0 br

Amadou Toumani Touré Amadou Toumani Touré President of Mali In office 2002–2012 · 9.8y Partyindependent politician Born 1948 · took office at 53 LulaAmadouToure.jpg: Antonio Cruz/ABr derivative work: Missionary (talk) · CC BY 2.5 br

Amadou Sanogo Amadou Sanogo President of Mali In office 2012–2012 · 0.1y Partyindependent politician Born 1972 · took office at 39 Took power coup 2012-03-22 Kassim Traoré (VOA) · Public domain

Dioncounda Traoré Dioncounda Traoré President of Mali In office 2012–2013 · 1.4y PartyAlliance for Democracy in Mali Born 1942 · took office at 70 DioncoundaTraore2012 · CC BY-SA 3.0

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta President of Mali In office 2013–2020 · 7y PartyAlliance for Democracy in Mali Born 1945 · took office at 68 Photo Claude TRUONG-NGOC · CC BY-SA 3.0

Bah Ndaw Bah Ndaw President of Mali In office 2020–2021 · 0.7y Partyindependent politician Born 1950 · took office at 70 Michele Cattani, European Commission · CC BY 4.0

Assimi Goïta Assimi Goïta President of Mali In office 2021–present · 5.3y Born 1983 · took office at 37 Took power coup 2021-05-24 President of Russia,Kremlin · CC BY 4.0

1968-11-19 1991-03-26 2012-03-22 2020-08-18 2021-05-24

Term Began with a realized coup In office Realized coup — dated

The scale spans every dated record held for this country, so it may begin before the first leader on file — a gap at the left means coups are recorded for years where no office-holder is. Coup markers link to the Cline Center source.

1. 2021– Assimi Goïta President of Mali In office 2021–present · 5.3y Born 1983 · took office at 37 Took power coup 2021-05-24 President of Russia,Kremlin · CC BY 4.0 Assimi Goïta In office Coup 2021 5.3y
2. 2020–2021 Bah Ndaw President of Mali In office 2020–2021 · 0.7y Partyindependent politician Born 1950 · took office at 70 Michele Cattani, European Commission · CC BY 4.0 Bah Ndaw 0.7y
3. 2013–2020 Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta President of Mali In office 2013–2020 · 7y PartyAlliance for Democracy in Mali Born 1945 · took office at 68 Photo Claude TRUONG-NGOC · CC BY-SA 3.0 Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta 7y
4. 2012–2013 Dioncounda Traoré President of Mali In office 2012–2013 · 1.4y PartyAlliance for Democracy in Mali Born 1942 · took office at 70 DioncoundaTraore2012 · CC BY-SA 3.0 Dioncounda Traoré 1.4y
5. 2012–2012 Amadou Sanogo President of Mali In office 2012–2012 · 0.1y Partyindependent politician Born 1972 · took office at 39 Took power coup 2012-03-22 Kassim Traoré (VOA) · Public domain Amadou Sanogo Coup 2012 0.1y
6. 2002–2012 Amadou Toumani Touré President of Mali In office 2002–2012 · 9.8y Partyindependent politician Born 1948 · took office at 53 LulaAmadouToure.jpg: Antonio Cruz/ABr derivative work: Missionary (talk) · CC BY 2.5 br Amadou Toumani Touré 9.8y
7. 1992–2002 Alpha Oumar Konaré President of Mali In office 1992–2002 · 10y PartyAlliance for Democracy in Mali Born 1946 · took office at 46 Fábio Pozzebom/ABr · CC BY 3.0 br Alpha Oumar Konaré 10y
8. 1991–1992 Amadou Toumani Touré President of Mali In office 1991–1992 · 1.2y Partyindependent politician Born 1948 · took office at 42 Took power coup 1991-03-26 LulaAmadouToure.jpg: Antonio Cruz/ABr derivative work: Missionary (talk) · CC BY 2.5 br Amadou Toumani Touré Coup 1991 1.2y
9. 1968–1991 Moussa Traoré President of Mali In office 1968–1991 · 22.3y PartyDemocratic Union of the Malian People Born 1936 · took office at 32 Took power coup 1968-11-19 Bogaerts, Rob / Anefo · CC BY-SA 3.0 nl Moussa Traoré Coup 1968 22.3y
10. 1960–1968 Modibo Keïta President of Mali In office 1960–1968 · 8.2y PartySudanese Union – African Democratic Rally Born 1915 · took office at 45 Robert LeRoy Knudsen · Public domain Modibo Keïta 8.2y

• 2021
  2021-05-24 Military
• 2020
  2020-08-18 Military
• 2012
  2012-03-22 Military
• 1991
  1991-03-26 Military
• 1968
  1968-11-19 Military

Source: Cline Center Coup d’État Project — realized events only.

• 2020
  Mali Transitional National Council December 2020 Election

  Seats

  121

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  26.4%

  Parties won

  —

• 2020
  Mali Transitional National Council March 2020 Election Rally for Mali (RPM)5134.7% Alliance for Democracy in Mali (ADEMA) - PASJ2416.3% Republic and Democracy Union (URD)1912.9% Movement for Mali (MPM)106.8%

  Seats

  147

  Turnout

  35.7%

  Women

  27.9%

  Parties won

  20

• 2013
  Mali Transitional National Council November 2013 Election Rally for Mali (RPM)6644.9% Republic and Democracy Union (URD)1711.6% Alliance for Democracy in Mali (ADEMA)1610.9% Alternative Forces for Renewal and Emergence (FARE)64.1%

  Seats

  147

  Turnout

  49%

  Women

  9.5%

  Parties won

  19

• 2007
  Mali Transitional National Council July 2007 Election

  Seats

  —

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  —

  Parties won

  —

• 2002
  Mali Transitional National Council July 2002 Election

  Seats

  —

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  —

  Parties won

  —

• 1997
  Mali Transitional National Council July 1997 Election

  Seats

  —

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  —

  Parties won

  —

• 1992
  Mali Transitional National Council February 1992 Election

  Seats

  —

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  —

  Parties won

  —

• 1988
  Mali Transitional National Council June 1988 Election

  Seats

  —

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  —

  Parties won

  —

• 1985
  Mali Transitional National Council June 1985 Election

  Seats

  —

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  —

  Parties won

  —

• 1982
  Mali Transitional National Council June 1982 Election

  Seats

  —

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  —

  Parties won

  —

• 1979
  Mali Transitional National Council June 1979 Election

  Seats

  —

  Turnout

  not recorded

  Women

  —

  Parties won

  —

Source: ipu_parline.

Separatist and self-determination movements recorded for this country. Coverage is partial — this is what the source describes, not a complete census of secessionism.

• Mouvement national de libération de l'Azawad militant group in northern Mali
  2011– classified separatist

Source: Wikidata. “Classified separatist” means the source explicitly tags the movement as such; the rest are identified from their description. The authoritative dataset for secessionist conflict is UCDP/PRIO, which is not yet ingested.

Fertility rate

5.5 2024

Life expectancy at birth

60.7 2024

Population growth

2.9 2024

Total population

24.5M 2024

Urban population percent

31.6 2024

Adult literacy rate

35.6 2024

Government expenditure on education percent of GDP

4.2 2023

Primary net enrollment ratio

58.9 2018

Secondary net enrollment ratio

29.9 2018

Ethnic groups

Religion

Languages

• Bambara
• French 17.2%
• Peuhl/Foulfoulbe/Fulani 9.4%
• Dogon 7.2%
• Maraka/Soninke 6.4%
• Malinke 5.6%
• Sonrhai/Djerma 5.6%
• Minianka 4.3%
• Tamacheq 3.5%
• Senoufo 2.6%
• Bobo 2.1%
• other 6.3%
• unspecified 0.7%

Composition: CIA World Factbook, 2018 estimate. Shares are reproduced as published and are not renormalised, so a country may total slightly under or over 100%.

Regional & continental

• AfCFTA
• African Union
• AFRISTAT 1993
• ECOWAS left 2025
• OHADA
• La Francophonie 1970
• OIC 1969

Global bodies & treaties

• African Development Bank
• African Groundnut Council
• Group on Earth Observations
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
• International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
• International Civil Defence Organisation
• International Development Association
• International Finance Corporation
• International Telecommunication Union
• Interpol
• Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
• Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
• Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States
• Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
• UNESCO
• United Nations
• United Nations–African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur
• Universal Postal Union
• World Customs Organization
• World Health Organization
• World Meteorological Organization
• World Trade Organization

• ICJ 1985 decided

  Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso/Republic of Mali)

  land boundary

• ICC proceedings on record

  Prosecutor v. Al Mahdi

  Situation in Mali

• ICC proceedings on record

  Prosecutor v. Al Hassan

  Situation in Mali

Register

Every party the observatory holds for this country, historical and current — the register is not filtered to parties currently holding seats.

• African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence Marxism–Leninism; Pan-Africanism Cheick Oumar Sissoko
• Alliance for Democracy and Progress liberalism; social democracy; socialism
• Alliance for Democracy in Mali Pan-Africanism; democratic socialism; social democracy
• Alliance for Solidarity in Mali
• Alternation Bloc for Renewal, Integration, and African Cooperation
• Alternative Forces for Renewal and Emergence
• Avenir et développement du Mali Madani Tall
• Bloc for Democracy and African Integration
• Change Party
• Citizens' Party for Revival
• Convention for Progress and the People
• Convergence for Alternance and Change
• Convergence pour le développement du Mali
• Convergences 2007
• Democratic Alliance for Peace
• Democratic Party for Justice
• Democratic Union of the Malian People nationalism Moussa Traoré
• Ecologist Party of Mali P.E. du Mali
• M5-RFP
• Malian Party of Labour
• Malian Rally for Labour
• Malian Union for Democracy and Development
• Malian Union for the African Democratic Rally
• Mouvement pour le Mali
• Movement for the Independence, Renaissance, and Integration of Africa
• National Congress for Democratic Initiative
• National Rally for Democracy
• Parti pour la démocratie et le renouveau
• Party for Civic and Patriotic Action democracy
• Party for Democracy and Progress
• Party for Economic Development and Solidarity
• Party for Independence, Democracy and Solidarity
• Party for National Rebirth
• Party for Solidarity and Progress
• Party for the Restoration of Malian Values
• Patriotic Movement for Renewal MPR
• Plateforme contre la corruption et le chômage au Mali Clément Dembélé
• Q97456182
• Q97456228
• Q97940269
• Rally for Democracy and Progress
• Rally for Labour Democracy
• Rally for Mali social democracy
• Social Democratic Convention
• Sudanese Democratic Party
• Sudanese Union – African Democratic Rally African nationalism Modibo Keïta
• Union Démocratique Ségovienne
• Union des Maliens pour le progrès
• Union for Democracy and Development
• Union for the Republic and Democracy
• Union of Democratic Forces for Progress
• Union of Patriots for Renewal
• Union of the Populations of Bandiagara

Census, population and demographic documents the observatory has located for this country. These are links to the publishers’ own files — the library does not rehost them.

• Mali - Forcibly Displaced Population by Origin — mli_unhcr_odp_population_by_origin.csv hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — Asylum applications by asylum seekers residing in Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — Solutions for refugees and IDPs originating from Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — Demographics and locations of forcibly displaced people originating from Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — Solutions for refugees and IDPs residing in Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — Asylum applications by asylum seekers originating from Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — End-year stock population figures for forcibly displaced persons originating from Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — Demographics and locations of forcibly displaced and stateless people residing in Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — End-year stock population figures for forcibly displaced and stateless persons residing in Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — Asylum decisions taken on asylum claims of asylum seekers originating from Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Data on forcibly displaced populations and stateless persons — Asylum decisions taken on asylum claims of asylum seekers residing in Mali hdx csv
• Mali Subnational Population and Housing Data Tables with Administrative Boundaries, Based on National Census and Surveys — Mali_uscb_202211.xlsx hdx xlsx
• Mali Subnational Population and Housing Data Tables with Administrative Boundaries, Based on National Census and Surveys — Mali.gdb.zip hdx geodatabase
• Population of Mali disaggregated by gender and by commune (2015) — repartition-population-communes-2015-v2.xls hdx xls
• HDX HAPI Data for Mali — Geography & Infrastructure: Baseline Population for Mali hdx csv
• Mali - Education Indicators — Demographic and Socio-economic indicator list hdx csv
• Mali - Education Indicators — Demographic and Socio-economic data hdx csv
• Mali - National Demographic and Health Data — Access to Health Care Data for Mali hdx csv
• Mali - National Demographic and Health Data — IYCF Data for Mali hdx csv
• Mali - National Demographic and Health Data — SDGs Data for Mali hdx csv
• Mali - National Demographic and Health Data — MICS indicators Data for Mali hdx csv
• Mali - National Demographic and Health Data — MDGs Data for Mali hdx csv
• Mali - National Demographic and Health Data — Anthropometry Data for Mali hdx csv
• Mali - National Demographic and Health Data — Adult Mortality Data for Mali hdx csv